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Archive for the ‘Creativity’ Category

Creating the Play Revolution…

11 Nov

When was the last time you played a really good board game? Monopoly, Checkers, Shoots and Ladders. For many of us these games lose much of their appeal once we leave childhood, but what if you had the opportunity to create your own board game?

I just finished teaching a three week Revolutionary Conversation at the East Side Institute called The Play Revolution: Practice, Research and Policy. It was an exciting opportunity to share my passion for play and to explore the growing number of organizations and individuals that are putting play into practice for everything from invigorating classroom practice and bringing innovation into business, to addressing the deprivations of growing up poor. Members of the class took a playful look at the internet and found a wealth of organizations, individuals, and websites that give expression to the ways people are tapping into our human ability to play to challenge some of the alienation and “stuckness” of human life. We marveled at the creativity of John Bohannon who invites academics to replace powerpoints with dance and of 9-year old Caine whose cardboard arcade is inspiring children everywhere to make things. We listened to people all over the world create street music together through an organization called Playing for Change.

One of the characteristics of play that we explored in the class was the ways in which play puts us in touch with our ability to create. When we play, we can break from the seeming scriptedness of adult life, and perform in ways that are less alienated. We practiced this by choosing activities that we normally just “do” in our lives and we played with them. Some people created games to play while riding a crowded subway and others had conversations with their family members that broke from the usual scripted ways of speaking. We had old conversations in new ways. In class we explored the relationship between the small moments of play that we could create and the need for the species as a whole to tap into our ability to be playful with the most challenging of differences.

On the last week of the class we pulled together our conversations and explorations and collectively created a game called The State of Play.

It was a double whammy play experience–the creating of the game was improvisational and creative, and the playing of the game was in many ways a creative imitation of every board game we had ever played. There were rules to the game, but in the style that very young children play; we were constantly bringing new rules into existence at the same time that we were actually playing. The starting line of the game said, “Get everyone who is playing to play a game together that everyone can succeed at.” So, even though we had just spent an hour creating one game, we quickly regrouped and collectively created another game together.

One of the most exciting features of the game is that it is not over. At some point in the evening we each landed on a square that directed us to pick a card. The cards gave directions for continuing the play once we left the room. For example, my card said, “to ask a stranger to create a poem for you.” At the end of the evening one of the participants pointed out that if we kept creating the game wherever we went, eventually play would take over the world.

 

Afterschool Growth!

30 Oct

On Friday I was in Chicago serving as a panelist in the Afterschool Growth! Conference that was Co-sponsored by the All Stars Project of Chicago and the Institute for the Study of Play, a national All Stars “initiative in progress” to advance the practice and research in Afterschool. The conference was inspiring–it brought together a diversity of participants rarely, if ever, in a room together. This included practitioners (program directors, managers, coordinators and on the ground afterschool workers); innovators–people who are creating or bringing the most cutting edge practices into poor communities; young people who attend these programs; researchers, academics, and doctoral students who are interested in doing research; and funders and individual donors.

The All Stars, with their amazing ability to produce quality in everything they do, put together a day that was informative and provocative–beginning with keynote addresses by three key leaders in the Afterschool arena: Gabrielle Kurlander, President and CEO of the All Stars Project, Dr. Mary Ellen Caron, CEO of After School Matters, and Dr. Lenora Fulani, Co-Founder of the All Stars Project. All three of them talked about the unique role that Afterschool has to play in the lives of children and youth living in poverty, and how important it is for Afterschool to develop an independent location, separate from the schools, where young people’s creativity can be nourished and valued.

The experience of being at this event was that it could be a “game-changer.” I’ve been on the board of the All Stars Project for over a year, and one of my goals as someone who consults with the organization on educational matters is to help dramatically change the conversation about education in the United States.

For decades, schooling has been related to as the means out of poverty for poor children of color. But there is growing evidence that this has been a catastrophic failure when it comes to our poorest communities, and particularly those of color. On the other hand, programs like the All Stars, and the other innovative programs represented by youth and adults at the conference (YOURS Project; Chicago Run; Street-Level Youth Media) are transforming the lives of young people through a diversity of activities ranging from running, to orchestral music, to technology, and talent shows. And they are not doing it through remediation, they are doing it by giving the young people opportunities to be creative, to be part of an ensemble, and to connect to a wider world. As a developmental methodologist I understand this as giving the young people an opportunity to perform ahead of where they are and to develop. Development does not eliminate poverty, but it does create opportunities for human beings and communities to create new things that could impact on poverty.

The conference also gave us an opportunity to highlight another aspect of the All Stars leadership in the arena of Afterschool. For the past year I’ve had the privilege of working closely with Dr. Bonny Gildin, Vice-President for Educational Initiatives at the All Stars, on the Institute for the Study of Play. We are working to create a new kind of partnership between universities, community based organizations, policy makers, and the business community, that would allow a field of Afterschool Development to emerge. Afterschool in this country has always been an afterthought. There are no departments of afterschool or ways for people to be trained in the most up-to-date and creative practices. And there is no real body of research that can help us make discoveries about what we do.

The conference included an afternoon breakout session on research led by Bonny Gildin and myself, where we began a very interesting conversation about what we, the people who are on the frontlines of Afterschool, would want to discover about our work. Joining us in the session was Dr. Robert Halpern, the author of Making Play Work, who shared that while the field of afterschool is old (programs began appearing over 100 years ago), the research agenda in it is very young. And in the 1990’s it “took a wrong turn” and became inextricably linked to school success–making it enormously vulnerable to losing its unique role in the development of children and youth. The over 30 participants in the session then spent the rest of the afternoon collectively creating an emerging research agenda that would support diversity, innovation, creativity, and culture development.

The conversation is just at the beginning, but it is clear that there is a great deal of interest in following the All Stars lead in growing Afterschool to take its place at the center of a movement to transform the lives of poor children and youth in this country.

 

Serious Play at the Association for Childhood Education International

06 Apr

Last week I was invited by my colleague Debora Winewski, the president of the Association for Childhood Education International, to be an invited speaker at their Global Summit on Childhood in Washington, DC. It was a wonderfully organized conference with over 600 people attending from 70 nations. The conversation was exceptionally rich—with discussions on everything from the impact of poverty, to childhood sex workers, to access to outdoor play spaces, and issues of educational equity. I found the event to be a refreshing change from many of the academic conferences that I attend. Many of the participants were advocates, social-entrepreneurs, or scholar-practitioners, who are finding creative ways to support the healthy growth and development of children all over the world. I was particularly moved, for example, by the youth presenters from the I am Norm campaign—a leadership program where young people with and without special needs decided to take out a campaign that challenges our assumptions about what and who is normal. Rarely have I seen a presentation at an adult conference that is that professional and completely led by youth! Inspiring.

I was one of six presenters on two consecutive panels on Promoting Play in the Lives of Children: A Conversation with Supporters and Advocates. My co-presenters included Fran Maniella, president of the US Play Coalition and the former director of the U.S. Parks Service; Kwame Brown, the founder of Move Theory; Danielle Marshall, director of Community Engagement Programs for Kaboom!; Joan Almon from Alliance for Childhood; and Michael Patte from The Association for the Study of Play. What stood out for me from the panel presentations and the wonderful that discussion that followed with members of the 100+ audience, was the recognition that we are in the midst of a play crisis that is effecting children (and adults) all over the world. Here is an excerpt from what I had to say on that topic:

Poverty has a devastating effect on hope, particularly for young people, in part because it robs them of one of the most developmental and hope-filled activities of childhood–play. Humanity is in the midst of a play crisis. I am obviously and happily not alone among educators and play researchers to say this. In addition to economic, natural, educational, and political crisis, we are in the midst of a play crisis. A recent study of 16 countries, including the United States, India, Vietnam and Pakistan, found that children had fewer opportunities for free play than previous generations (Singer, Singer, D’Agostino & Delong, 2009). In public schools in the United States elementary school aged children are allowed a mere 26 minutes a day for recess and that also includes eating lunch. But this play crisis is not affecting everyone equally. The poorer you are the less time you are given to play. Poor children are twice as likely as middle class children to go to school for a longer day and to have less time for play. And even more critical is the 80% of their lives that are spent outside of school. While more affluent children often spend this time in creative endeavors like dance, or travel, or even one youngster I know who takes classes on inventing, poor children here in the United States are often in programs that attempt to mimic or imitate the school day—leaving even less time for play and children living in poverty the world over spend their time working to survive. Read the rest of this entry »

 

Heading to The Association for the Study of Play

25 Jan

On February 15-18 I will be attending, and presenting at, the annual meeting of The Association for the Study of Play (TASP) in Albuquerque, New Mexico. TASP is a multi-disciplinary organization that includes researchers and practitioners, a rarity in the siloed world of academics. Members come from the fields of education, psychology, anthropology, biology, history, recreational therapy, playwork, and social work. In my opinion this is how the most interesting ideas get generated, when people who don’t think alike get together. The organization was founded in 195X by, among others, Brian Sutton-Smith, whose influential work on the cultural significance of play in human life, has shaped several generations of researchers (see The Ambiguity of Play (1997) and Play as Emotional Survival (forthcoming) and has helped shape how play is seen by the general public (See The PBS series The Power of Play). Since then its been the intellectual home (and sometimes sanctuary) for a number of influential scholars including Jim Johnson and James Christie whose seminal work on play and child development is required reading for early childhood educators and Dorothy and Jerome Singer who continue to advocate for the importance of dramatic play for literacy development in an age when didactic methods dominate.

My colleagues Tony Perone, Barbara O’Neill, and I have been working to expand the organization even more to include the important and creative playwork being done around the world by people who identify with performance more than play. One of our goals has been to introduce the long established world of play research to the growing and vibrant community of Performing the World. To that end I will be making two presentations at the conference, both in conjunction with my playful colleagues. Barbara O’Neill and I co-edited volume 11 of TASP’s Play and Culture Studies Series on the topic of Play and Performance and we will be presenting the book at the conference with Sally Bailey, Stacey DeZutter, Kristen French, Ruth Harman, and Debora Wisnewski, the authors of several of the chapters. Tony Perone and I will offer a session titled Co-create, Not Negotiate: An Improvisational Approach to Offering and Developing Play that shares how an improvisational “yes and” approach challenges our assumptions about disagreement, conflict, and negotiation.

I’m really looking forward to all the rich dialogues that happen at this conference and I will be sure to keep you posted.

 

Challenging the Dichotomy of Art and Science

10 Dec

My mentor, the late Fred Newman, once said that if he were to re-design schools he would teach young children nothing but the philosophy of symbolic (mathematical) logic and dance. A provocative idea from a radical guy. But it came to my mind this week when I read an article in Education Week STEAM: Experts Make Case for Adding Arts to STEM by Eric Robelen.

STEM has been a buzz phrase in education for several years—it represents, often in the form of increased funding for research and practice, the push to prepare students for participation in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. More recently however, there have been a number of articles that call for a move from STEM to STEAM—with the “A” representing the inclusion of the Arts. Those advocating for such a change rightfully point out that the creativity and outside-the-box thinking that are the hallmark of the arts are also a key part of scientific discovery.

“There is creativity in STEM itself, super genius in it, … but in arts education, it really is the raison d’etre to be out of the box, to accept the chaos,” said John Maeda, the president of the Rhode Island School of Design, in Providence. Artists and designers, he said, are “risk takers, they can think around corners.” (Harvey Seifter, the director of the Art of Science Learning)

The addition of “A” to STEM is a hopeful sign that people in both arenas are questioning the dichotomy between art and science, a division that serves neither group. That division over the years has led to the teaching of science and math as set of ahistorical truths and to the teaching of the arts (when its done at all) as if there is no rigor required. But what about the enormous creativity and play that was required for the discovery of DNA and the precision and discipline needed to dance in Swan Lake? What is breathtaking and inspirational is that human beings have managed to create the fields of art and science and what would be developmental for students would be to relate to participate in activities where they come to see themselves as capable of such creations.

What seems exciting about a move from STEM to STEAM is that it could help shift the focus in all disciplines towards creativity, play, rigor, and collective imagining… something that is sorely needed in school and beyond.

 

Improv with Alzheimer’s Patients–Yes lets!

30 Aug

I was tremendously moved to hear the National Public Radio report Improv for Alzheimer’s: A Sense of Accomplishment. The show shared a research partnership between Northwestern Hospital and the Chicago based Looking Glass Theatre to study the value of improv comedy workshops for improving the lives of people living with Alzheimer’s. When I heard about it, I immediately thought, “Of course!” As the developers of the program say, improv does not require memory, or experience, or the following of a script. It’s about saying yes to each other and embracing and using “mistakes” to create something new. What could be more fun or joyful for people who are finding themselves having to face “getting things wrong” more and more frequently. The whole report validated one of my life missions—to bring joyful, pointless, play to EVERYONE. It seems to me it cannot be said strongly enough, loudly enough, or more often—we (meaning human beings) must, must, must play more. If we do, there is growing evidence (as in this report), that we can keep living, keep growing, keep building and creating relationships even when we don’t know how. If we don’t, the consequences appear to be equally extreme—for individuals and for the world.

The report also made me think about the limitations of the prevailing understanding of memory, intelligence, and relationships. As I myself have experienced, one of the saddest aspects of Alzheimer’s or dementia is the fear that we are loosing our relationship. After all relationships, we believe, require shared memories, recognition, and consistency. All things that appear to be “taken away” by Alzheimer’s and dementia. And while I do not deny that there is sadness and loss in going through these illnesses, there are also, as this piece shows, opportunities. As I listened to the workshop on the radio I was struck by the ways that the participants were creating memories, creating relationships, and creating with the unexpected and the emergent. The participants shared the total joy they had gotten from discovering they could still be creative when they were freed from the constraints of worrying that they were going to be forgetful or make a mistake.  As one participant said, “We made music I never knew I had in me.”

 

Playing Around with Taking Pictures

12 Aug

This past Saturday Cathy Stewart, an impassioned photography enthusiast and community organizer, and I led a workshop called Playing Around with Taking Pictures as part of the East Side Institute’s Playground series.

Armed with digital cameras of every size and shape, including a few cell phones, smartphones, and one revamped Polaroid camera, the 20 participants, most of whom said they were novice photographers, headed out onto the streets of the Flatiron District. We played around with the tips we had gotten from Cathy, as well as some new ways of looking that had come out of a joint exploration of the work of some of the worlds most accomplished urban photographers (i.e. Gordon Parks, Walker Evans, Helen Levitt, and Manuel Alvarez Bravo). We explored changing the angle of the camera, of ourselves, looking up, through windows, standing at intersections, looking for relationships, shooting the light, the shadows, the garbage, the familiar, and the odd. The group’s pictures are, not surprisingly, remarkably playful and very good. Take a look at our album at playingaroundpics

For me one of the more enjoyable aspects of the day was teaching alongside Cathy. I love discovering things about the people I teach with. I’ve known Cathy for years, primarily in her role as the Manhattan chairperson of the Independence Party of New York City, of which I am an active member. I was fascinated to discover that there is a strong relationship between the playfulness that Cathy brings to her teaching of photography and the attitude she brings to her political organizing. In both she is working to LOOK (and help others to do the same) at seemingly familiar territory with new eyes. As Cathy said, “I am interested in what is at the edges, the borders, on the outside, the fringes…”

 

 

America’s Imagination Summit!

27 Jul

I saw Sir Ken Robinson on Friday. I didn’t actually get to talk to him, unfortunately, but I was in the room with him. Luckily, I did get to talk to about 150 people who are advocates for imagination, creativity, innovation and the arts. The event was America’s Imagination Summit and it was sponsored by the Lincoln Center Institute. LCI is the education wing of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts and for the past 14 years they have been a major force in creating policy and curriculum that brings the arts and creativity to millions of school children. In 2008, the director of the Lincoln Center Institute, Scott Noppe-Brandon, decided to celebrate Lincoln Center’s 50th Anniversary by organizing Imagination Conversations in all 50 states. These conversations bring together business leaders, politicians, academics, educators, and artists to engage in dialogues on how to have America become more creative, innovative, and most of all imaginative. These conversations have a particular focus on transforming or imagining the transformation of the educational system. I was thrilled to be invited to the Summit (which was the culminating event of these 50 conversations) by Steven Dahlberg, the co-host of Creativity in Play radio show, who I met back in May when he interviewed me.

If the Summit was any example, the Imagination Conversations have been successful at creating an environment where the conversation on education is imaginative. I have been an educator for over 20 years and the most frustrating thing about talking to fellow educators is that they will not/cannot go outside of the parameters of what already exists. They won’t imagine a world, for example, where children do not go to school for 6 hours a day or where teaching children to read isn’t the number one priority. I am not even recommending these ideas; I am just saying that it is unimaginable and taboo to even bring these topics up. At the Imagination Summit these and other ideas were not only not taboo, they were on the table.

This was not a room full of educators. This was a diverse grouping of people from many different fields. Actually, some the people I found myself listening most intently to were not who you would expect to see at a conference on imagination. For example, retired Judge Judith Kaye, who was the chief judge of the state of New York until a few years ago, spoke passionately about the ways our system has criminalized youth through failed education, an inhumane and ineffective school discipline system in schools and a juvenile justice bureaucracy that leaves learning and development out in the cold. Also talk about saying the unspeakable. She stated loudly and vehemently that, “I am sick to death of data! We have enough data. ENOUGH!! We know what the problem is—now how do we solve it?”

The second person who I would never have expected to have been in the same room with, let alone at a conference on creativity, was Retired General Charles Wald, the army officer responsible for the attacks against the Taliban in the first days and weeks after 9/11. To say that I am not a fan of the military is an understatement, and the death and destruction wrought by the US forces in the past 10 years (beginning with those very first responses to the devastating and horrendous attacks on NY and the Pentagon) haunt me.  That said, General Wald’s detailed description of the minutes, hours, and days after 9/11 was fascinating and informative. As I said to several of my fellow conference attendees who were ambivalent about General Wald’s presence at the conference, I am now convinced that those of us who are fighting for peace have a lot to learn from the ingenuity, creativity and the willingness to do the inconceivable that is displayed by those whose job is to make war. If we are going to prevail we must learn everything we can so that we can accomplish the truly inconceivable of eliminating war entirely.

In addition to the General and the Judge, there were a host of brilliant, funny, creative, dedicated educators, designers, artists, architects, businesspeople, and philanthropists, who are part of what is clearly becoming a movement in favor of imagination.

I was excited to meet Kirin Bir Sethi, the designer turned educator who founded the innovative Riverside School in Ahmedabad, India and Design for Change, a global initiative where children design and implement change initiatives in their local communities. The focus of the school and the NGO is to empower children to be change agents, but more than that, to be creators. Her approach taps into children’s uninhibited ideas about what could be different in their communities and then provides them with the support to make those changes happen. My favorite examples were the elementary school children who took over five square blocks of their city for a week of inter-generational play. Kirin was joined by Alfonso Romo, President of EducarUno, to announce that in 2011 Design for Change will reach over 100,000 Mexican schoolchildren.

And there were many more interesting people who I chatted with at lunch and on line for the bathroom. The entire conference was an inspiration to me as someone who is dedicated to reinitiating the development of the human species through play and who thinks that if we are going to do that we are going to have to start doing the inconceivable for and with our children.